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 NURSERY ESTABLISHMENT Nursery is a place where seeds are raised to seedlings. A nursery can be temporary, permanent,oasis nursery or floating nursery depending on the number of seedlings that needs to be raised, space availability, weather conditions,water source, accessibility,demand, terrain and the type of seed. There are various processes involved in establishing a nursery these processes include 1.Seed procurement 2.Land clearing 3.Fencing 4.Sand filling  5.Watering 6.Stacking Seed application e.t.c  SEED PROCUREMENT A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering. The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, Seed procurement involves the collection and preservation of seeds, there are many processes involved in seed collection and preservation. After collection some seeds are preserved inside hot water while some prefer cold water,the seed is then put inside a preservation tray for sun...

E-waste, a short form for the word Electronic waste, electronic devices and appliances that have reached their end of use and are disposed. Electronic waste ranges from television set, cell phones, sound devices, memory card chip, headphones, earpiece, pressing iron, hair dryer,  microwave, oven, other electronic kitchen appliances and any other electronic device we use in our day to day activities. Electronics contain both useful and harmful materials such as gold, copper, lead, mercury, cadmium, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and many more. Electronic waste can be very toxic due to the persistence of their waste product in all the Environmental mediums(soil, water and air), elements such as lead and mercury can leach into soil and water bodies causing harm to aquatics, mercury poisoning can cause brain damage in humans, lead in the other can can cause cancer, retarded growth in children and genetic mutation, similarly the release of such substance in gaseous ...

Natural disasters as the name implies refers to events that occurs naturally which have the potential for causing harm to ecosystems, human life and properties, such events includes floods, droughts, landslides, earthquakes, and tsunami among others. Natural disasters claim the lives of hundreds of people and biodiversity, unsustainable human activities over years have induced the level of natural disasters thereby increasing the rate of occurrence and aggravating the magnitude, Almost 80% of natural disasters experienced in modern days are man induced. Human activities proven to be the cause of aggravating natural disasters include deforestation for agricultural and commercial purposes, overgrazing, burning of fossil fuels leading to climate change, and uncontrolled mining activities. The impact of natural disasters is mostly felt by some vulnerable groups i. e those living in coastal areas, rural farmers,  and other vulnerable communities.  Natural disasters are ...

  Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit. These deposits form a mineralized package that is of economic interest to the miner. History of mining in Nigeria   Before the discovery of oil and the consequent decline in mining, Nigeria was a hub of mining activities, dating back to 1902 with the first mining of tin ore by the Royal Niger Company in 1905. Gold was mined subsequently in the present Kogi and Niger States in 1914 and coal in present day Enugu State in 1916.  Mining contributed to the development of a functional railway industry helping to transport mined coal from Enugu to the seaport in Port Harcourt and to a power plant in Oji River. “With tin ore mining and processing came the establishment of the largest smelter in Africa (Makeri smelter in 1961) as well as a power plant in Jos. Finally, the establishment of industrial complexes and behemoth...

Plastics are known to have great negative impact on the environment. Discussions and arguments arise among environmentally conscious individuals,whether plastics should be banned or recycled. Though plastic take almost forever to decomposed,it has an amazing quality for easy melting and transformation. Here are some effective ways to recycled plastic: 1.Separate Waste Bin For Degradable And Non-degradable waste. Separate waste bins should be kept in public areas,houses,hospitals and schools for collection of different kind of waste,in that way it should be easy for recycling agencies to know which waste should be dump in land fills,and which contains only Plastics that are to be recycled. As illustrated in the picture above,the yellow waste bin can be set aside for plastic waste,and the rest of the waste bins can be set aside for biodegradable wastes like spoiled food, vegetables e.t.c. 2.Get In Touch With Plastic Recycling Agencies: Plastic Recycling Agencies should be contacted immed...

The initiative of World Cotton Day was born in 2019, when four cotton producers in sub-Saharan Africa– Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mali, known as the Cotton Four -proposed the World Trade Organization a World Cotton Day celebration on October 7(fao). In August 2021, the General Assembly of the United Nations recognised the unique benefits of cotton by proclaiming 7 October of each year as World Cotton Day. The objective of this global celebration is to raise the visibility of the cotton sector and awareness of the critical role that it plays in economic development, international trade and poverty alleviation(fao)  Cotton is the most widespread profitable non-food crop in the world. Its production provides income for more than 250 million people worldwide and employs almost 7% of all labor in developing countries. Approximately half of all textiles are made of cotton(wwf). In the 1980s and 1990s, Nigeria had, unarguably, one of Africa’s largest textile industry with over 180 text...

Nigeria is located in the western part of Africa between latitudes 4° 16´N and 13°52´N; and between longitudes 2°49´E and 14°37´E. It occupies a total land area of 923,768km2 with a population of 120million people. By virtue of its geographical extent, it spans different climatic and ecological zones. The variable climatic conditions and physical features have endowed Nigeria with a very rich biodiversity. The mean annual rainfall ranges from about 450 mm in the northeast to about 3500 mm in the coastal south-east, with rains falling within 90 to 290 days respectively. The mean annual temperature ranges from 21°C in the south to 30°C in the north with extremes of 14°C and 45°C and an altitude range of 0 - 1000m above sea level.  Nigeria is rich in Biodiversity. The country is endowed with a variety of plant and animal species. There are about 7, 895 plant species identified in 338 families and 2, 215 genera . There are 22, 000 vertebrates and invertebrates spec...

What You Need To Know About World Clean up day - It is initiated and coordinated by the global organization Let's Do It! World. - It first started on 15th September 2018 -  in it's first year 17,6 million people across 157 countries were involved with Over 88500 tons of waste collected. - the second in the series was celebrated  21 September 2019, with 21 million people across 180 countries and Over 100000 tons of waste collected - In it is third year on 19th September 2020, 11 million people across 166 countries were involved with Over 43000 tons of waste collected. - in it is fourth year on 18th September 2021, 8,5 million people across 191 countries with  Over 33000 tons of waste  collected. - the fifth in the series is to be celebrated today 17th September 2022, involving more than 191 countries across the world. So what are you waiting for grab your gloves and sack to participate in this year's world clean up day and add to the number of concern individuals part...

Activities you can engage in on #worldcleanupday2022 1. Pick up litter in your community 2. Clean your home 3. Raise awareness on the dangers of mismanaged solid waste on health and environment 4. Raise awareness on the importance of keeping our environment clean 5. Engage family and friends 

What Is Global Warming? Global warming is the increase in atmospheric, earth surface and ocean temperature caused as a result of combination of high amount of carbon monoxide (CO2) and other green house gases. Green house gases are naturally found in the atmosphere in minute quantity,the industrial activities taken place on the earth surface as a result of human persistency in acheiving development and easy living are the primary source of excess release of the green house gases into the atmosphere,such activities include burning of fossil fuels, gas exhaust from vehicles in form of CO2. All these gases that accumulates in the atmosphere trap heat that is bounce back from the earth surface to the atmosphere after the required amount is used by both plant and animals. The heat that bounces back are no longer needed by the earth surface and are meant to escape to outer space. But because of the green house gases trapping the heat,the earth surface gets hotter and hotter,this is known as ...